Video: introduction to Down syndrome
- NORMAL HAND LINES - vs. - THE SIMIAN LINE -
SIMIAN LINE INDEX:
INTRO: About the Simian Line (a.k.a. 'simian crease')
• HOW TO RECOGNIZE a 'complete' Simian Line?
• WHY PALM CREASE NAMED the Simian Line?
• BRIEF HISTORY of the Simian Line
• ETHNIC POPULATIONS & the Simian Line
• MEDICAL PROBLEMS & the Simian Line
• PSYCHOLOGY & the Simian Line
• PROJECTS related to the Simian Line
• SYNONYMS for the Simian Line
• FAMOUS Simian Line holders
SIMIAN LINE & DIAGNOSTICS:
• The Simian Line in DOWN SYNDROME!
• The Simian Line in FRAGILE X SYNDROME!
_(In autism 2% to 6% have Fragile X syndrome!)
MORE HAND DIAGNOSTICS:
• The hand lines (palmar creases)
• The Sydney line
• The Hypothenar whorl
• The 5th finger (pinky)
• The fingernail tutor
ABOUT THE USE OF THE FAMOUS 'SINGLE PALMAR CREASE' AS A NOTORIOUS MARKER IN HAND DIAGNOSTICS
[A larger picture is available at the bottom of this page!]
The hands above are from a male person who has Down syndrome. An analysis reveals that this person has 8 out of the 10 most significant hand characteristics for Down syndrome (see characteristics: 1, 8, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19 & 24).
A complete analysis reveals that this person has 13 of the 27 typical hand characteristics [hand lines: 1/2 + 1/2 characteristics; hand dermatoglyphics: 10 characteristics; hand shape: 2 characteristics; NOTICE: two characteristics are unknown for this case].
The details are presented below.
A - HAND LINES IN DOWN SYNDROME (1-4):
• 1 - 1/2 Simian crease - in both hands! [right hand only]
• 2 - 1/2 Sydney line - in both hands! [left hand: 'incomplete' Sydney line]
• 3 - NO Distal transverse crease: extended
• 4 - NO 5Th finger: single crease
B - HAND DERMATOGLYPHICS IN DOWN SYNDROME (5-20):
• 5 - YES Fingerprints: 10 ulnar loops
• 6 - NO Fingerprints: radial loops on ring finger
• 7 - NO Fingerprints: radial loops on the pinky finger
• 8 - YES Palmar ridge line A: ends between pinky & heart line, both hands
• 9 - YES Palmar ridge line B: ends between pinky & ring finger, both hands
• 10 - YES Palmar ridge line C: ends betw. ring- & middle finger, both hands
• 11 - NO Palmar triradius C (left hand): missing or 'abortive'
• 12 - NO Palmar ridge line D: radial exit
• 13 - YES Alignment of ridges over the distal palmar area: 'transverse'
• 14 - YES Palmar axial triradius: atd angle 57o or larger - [both hands]
• 15 - YES Palmar axial triradius: distally displaced (t") - [both hands]
• 16 - NO Hypothenar: 3 or more triradii
• 17 - NO Hypothenar: whorl
• 18 - YES Hypothenar: large ulnar loops - [both hands]
• 19 - YES Palmar ridge dissociation - [thenar, center palm]
• 20 - YES Thenar: no pattern - in both hands!
C - HAND MORPHOLOGY IN DOWN SYNDROME (21-27):
• 21 - NO Thumb: short, low set position - [both hands only a bit short]
• 22 - YES Pinky finger: abnormally short - [both hands: < 50 % of palm length]
• 23 - NO Pinky finger: clinodactyly
• 24 - YES Fingers: brachydactyly - [right hand: = 40.0 % of hand length]
• 25 - ? Fingers: hyperextensible finger joints - [unknown]
• 26 - NO Palm: short, small, but relatively broad
• 27 - ? Fingernails: brachyonychia - [unknown].